Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages
下载安装包
mysql下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
环境配置
# 禁用SELINUX setenforce 0 vi /etc/selinux/config #----------------------------------------------- SELINUX=disabled #----------------------------------------------- # 禁用防火墙 systemctl disable firewalld systemctl stop firewalld systemctl status firewalld # 设置内核参数(mysql需要) vi /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf #----------------------------------------------- kernel.shmmax = 2199023255552 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.panic_on_oops = 1 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #----------------------------------------------- # kernel.shmmax算法：修改为物理内容的50%、60% # 4G:kernel.shmmax = (4G*1024*1024*1024*1024)*50% = 2199023255552 # 使内核参数生效 sysctl -p |
使用RPM包安装mysql
# 安装新版mysql之前，我们需要将系统自带的mariadb-lib卸载 rpm -qa | grep mariadb-lib rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 # 安装需要的工具包 mkdir /media/disk mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo_bak vi CentOS-Base.repo [local] name=CentOS-$releasever - Local baseurl=file:///media/disk gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 yum -y install lrzsz unzip # 使用rz工具上传安装包后 cd /tmp rz tar xvpf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm # 把不需要安装的包删除 rm -rf mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm rm -rf mysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm # 开始安装，依赖包会自动安装 yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-* yum install mysql-commercial-{server,client,common,libs}-* |
使用RPM包标准安装mysql，相关文件在以下系统目录
| Files or Resources | Location |
|---|---|
| Client programs and scripts | /usr/bin |
| mysqld server | /usr/sbin |
| Configuration file | /etc/my.cnf |
| Data directory | /var/lib/mysql |
| Error log file | For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /var/log/mysqld.log For SLES: /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log |
| Value of secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files |
| System V init script | For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /etc/init.d/mysqld For SLES: /etc/init.d/mysql |
| Systemd service | For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: mysqld For SLES: mysql |
| Pid file | /var/run/mysql/mysqld.pid |
| Socket | /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock |
| Keyring directory | /var/lib/mysql-keyring |
| Unix manual pages | /usr/share/man |
| Include (header) files | /usr/include/mysql |
| Libraries | /usr/lib/mysql |
| Miscellaneous support files (for example, error messages, and character set files) |
/usr/share/mysql |
启动mysql
# 以下两个命令都可以 service mysqld start systemctl start mysqld.service |
查看并登陆修改初始的root密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log #----------------------------------------------- 2017-08-23T05:56:38.197060Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gi._hyg/f2oJ #----------------------------------------------- mysql -uroot -p # 以下两个命令都可以修改root密码 alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Center08+'; set password for root@localhost = password('Center08+'); |